abstract- annual medicago species (medicago spp.) are native to the mediterranean region and widely used in fields and pastures in iran. there are several methods of sowing annual medicago species, each with different effects on the performance. however, there is currently no sufficient information about the appropriate methods for sowing medicago species. in order to evaluate methods of sowing...

ABSTRACT- Annual Medicago species (Medicago spp.) are native to the Mediterranean region and widely used in fields and pastures in Iran. There are several methods of sowing annual Medicago species, each with different effects on the performance. However, there is currently no sufficient information about the appropriate methods for sowing Medicago species. In order to evaluate methods of sowing...

Rangelands are the main source of forage production whose degradation is being accelerated due to improper utilities. Furthermore, re-vegetation of palatable plants like Vicia variabilis is more limited in overgrazed rangelands. The objective of this study was to improve degraded rangelands in Meleh-Kabud (Kermanshah, Iran) through planting Vicia variabilis. The research was conducted at experi...

A literature study was undertaken on the weeding of maize on smallholder farms in Ciskei, South Africa. Most weeding under these conditions is carried out by hand pulling or hand hoeing. Only limited use is made of animal traction, and large-scale development of this method will not be possible until the conventional broadcast method of planting maize has been replaced by row planting.

Winter wheat is one kind of important crop in China. It’s planting area is one key element to explain yield change. To obtain winter wheat planting area as soon as possible can provide scientific reference for our country’s making related policy. Basing on the cropping system in Shandong province, winter wheat is divided into two kinds “winter wheat sowed by machine-maize” and “people broadcast...

Rate and Method of Application Apply as a preplant broadcast treatment at least 14 to 21 days prior to planting. Late summer or early autumn is usually best for applying soil fumigants in Michigan. Inject 8 inches deep with chisels spaced 10 to 12 inches apart when soil temperature is between 50° and 80°F. Seal immediately after application. If soil is waterlogged or temperature is below 60°F, ...

maryam zaheri1, ali gholami1*, habibollah nadian2, ebrahim panahpour1 1- department of soil science, college of agriculture, ahvaz branch, islamic azad university, ahvaz, iran 2- department of soil science, college of agriculture, ramin agriculture university, ahvaz, iran * corresponding author: [email protected] received: 22 may 2015                                                      ...

Following si te preparation, three cultural t reatments and three open-poll inated loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) families were studied on a .gently sloping Beauregard silt loam in central Louisiana. The treatments were: (1) fertilization (either broadcast application of 177 kg N and 151 kg P/ha or none); (2) herbicide application (either broadcast application of herbicides during the first thr...

abstract- maize production, which is ranked after wheat and barely in fars province, iran, needs a considerable amount of irrigation water that is not available in scarce water conditions in drought situations. therefore, proper planting method can improve irrigation water management. the objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of two planting methods, on-bed and in furr...